Journal of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences
(ISSN: 2659 – 0743)
Volume 3, No. 1, 2021
DOI: 10.36108/jvbs/1202.30.0160
Pages 41-48
Phytochemical Analysis and Acute Toxicity Studies on the Methanol Extract of Securidaca longepedunculata (Fresen) Root Bark in Mice
Hyellavala Joseph Fomnya1, Saidu Ibrahim Ngulde1, Saka Sanni 2, Sarah Gana Malgwi1, Bukar Umaru1 and Mohammed Shuaibu Auwal1
1Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069, Borno State, Nigeria
2Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja, PMB 117, FCT, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The methanol extract of Securidaca longepedunculata root bark was screened phytochemically and its intraperitoneal acute toxicity evaluated in mice. The phytochemical screening was carried out based on standard methods. The Median Lethal Dose (LD50 ) was determined using Lorke’s method while the Maximum Tolerated Dose (LD0 ) was determined by the method described by Mosser and Padilla. The root bark extract revealed the presence of carbohydrates, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, saponins and flavonoids. The extract produced intraperitoneal LD0 and LD50 values of 6.92 mg/kg and 6.0 mg/kg, respectively. Based on the research findings, the methanol extract of S. longepedunculata root bark was found to contain important phytochemicals which may be attributed to its enormous use in traditional medicine, but it was a highly toxic extract in mice with intraperitoneal LD50 and LD0 values of 6.92 mg/kg and 6.0 mg/kg, respectively.
Keywords: Securidaca longepedunculata, phytochemical screening, LD50 , LD0 , mice