Journal of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences
(ISSN: 2659 – 0743)
Volume 2, No. 1, 2020
Pages 100-113
The Effects of Oral Administration of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Trema Orientalis on Haematological and Biochemical Parameters in Jamnapari Crossbred Goats
Saleh, A. *1, Muhammed, S.M. 1, Umar, F.S. 1, Idris, S.Y.1, Abalaka, S.E. 2, Zainal Ariffin, S.M. 3
1Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
2 Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja
3Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra, Malaysia
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to evaluate the toxic effects of oral administration of ethanolic leaf extract of Trema orientalis (ELETO) on goats fed with commercial goat pellets and Nappier grass twice daily. Meanwhile, water was given ad libitum. The variations in haematological and biochemical parameters were used as indices of the toxicity. A total of 20 goats weighing between 15 and 20 kg were divided into four groups with five goats in each group in a completely randomised design. The test groups I, II, III were given ELETO dissolved in 1% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) orally at the dosages of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0mg/ kg/day respectively, once daily for 14 days. Group IV served as a control and was given 1% DMSO only. There was significant decreased (P <0.05) in the PCV, HB and RBC in the group III with value 15.48 ± 1.89%, 8.06 ± 0.93g/L and 9.27 ± 2.19 (106/mm3) respectively compared to the control group with value 22.80 ± 2.97%, 10.10 ± 0.89 g/L, 13.21 ± 1.87 (106/mm3). The PCV and RBC in the group III were also significantly decreased (P < 0.05) compared to the group I with value 22.68 ± 3.48% and 13.45 ± 2.37 (106/mm3) respectively. Meanwhile, the mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCH), granulocytes,
serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the group III with values 7.76 ± 1.58pg, 47.78 ± 13.37%, 52.13 ± 11.92 U/L and 84.40 ± 15.48 U/L were significantly increased (P < 0.05) compared to the control group with values 5.25 ± 1.21pg, 24.12 ± 2.22%, 25.02 ± 6.43 and 62.14 ± 5.50 U/L respectively. Goats in group III also had significant elevation (P < 0.05) of ALT compare to the group I and II with value 26.50 ± 5.85 and 33.64 ± 8.50 U/L respectively. Meanwhile, the AST value in the group III was also significantly higher (P < 0.05) compared to group I with value 60.10 ± 7.43 U/L. Although the number of granulocytes in group III is significantly different; the value, however, was within the normal range. Our studies suggest that oral administration of ELETO daily for 14 days at 2.0mg/ kg of body weight causes anaemia and mild hepatocellular injury in goats.
Keywords: Jamnapari crossbred goats, Trema orientalis, haematology, biochemistry, toxicity