Journal of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences
(ISSN: 2659 – 0743)
Volume 2, No. 1, 2020
Pages 191-200
Distribution and Antibiotic Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in raw milk of apparently healthy lactating Ewes and Does in Maiduguri, Nigeria
Jasini A. M.*, Jeremiah I. E. and Barka J.
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Maiduguri
ABSTRACT
Staphylococcus aureus are ubiquitous and widely distributed in nature, particularly on the skin surface of animals. They are regarded as the most important agents of intra-mammary infections in small ruminants. The presence of S. aureus in apparently healthy lactating ewes and does in Maiduguri was determined. A total number of 120 samples of raw milk were collected from lactating does and ewes. Furthermore, 60 samples each from does and ewes, and 20 samples from each of the three sampling points namely; Kasuwan Shanu, Pasture Farm, University of Maiduguri and College of Agriculture Farms were sampled. Of the 40 samples collected from each of the three sampling points, 20 each were collected from does and ewes. Purposive sampling technique was employed, and samples were processed according to standard bacteriological protocol. The number of positive isolates for Staphylococcus aureus from Kasuwan Shanu, College of Agriculture and Pasture Farms were found be 4 (15.3%), 4 (16.0%) and 7 (31.3%) respectively. The highest percentage distribution of 31.80% was obtained for Staphylococcus aureus in milk samples from College of Agriculture. The overall percentage of distribution of staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus in milk samples from does and ewes were found to be 60.83% and 12.50% respectively. Penicillin and Cefoxitin had the highest resistance of 15 (100.0%) to isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, followed by Cefpodoxime, 7 (46.7%), Erythromycin, 6 (40.0%), Rifampin, 6 (40.0%), Nalidixic acid, 5 (33.3%), Ceftriaxone and Cefotaxime, 3 (20.0%) each and Vancomycin, 2 (13.3%). It is recommended that adequate hygienic measures and indiscriminate use of antibiotics should be discouraged.
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Keywords: Antibiotics, Staphylococcus aureus, distribution, milk, resistance