Evaluation of Bovine Tuberculosis in Slaughtered Cattle, Based on Post-Mortem Meat Inspection in Yobe State, Nigeria
Journal of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences
(ISSN: 2659 – 0743)
Volume 2, No. 2, 2020
Pages 83-89
Evaluation of Bovine Tuberculosis in Slaughtered Cattle, Based on Post-Mortem Meat Inspection in Yobe State, Nigeria
Abubakar, U. B.1, Ibrahim, S.1, Danbirni, S1., Abdulkadir I. A1, Mohammed F. U2., Surajo M3., Usman A. A4., Kwaga J.P5., Abdulrazaq G. H6., Muhammad H6.
1. Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
2. Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
3. Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
4. Department of Library Science and Information, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
5. Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
6. Department of Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital/Collage of Health Science, Bayero University, Kano.
ABSTRACT
Tuberculosis is one of the most important infectious diseases of cattle in Nigeria and Africa. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of Bovine tuberculosis, based on post-mortem meat inspection in slaughtered cattle in Yobe State. The study was carried out in 10 major abattoirs/slaughter houses that supply meat to the public in Yobe State. A total of 2207 slaughtered cattle, comprising 1004 males and 1203 females, were subjected to detailed post-mortem examination for the presence of tuberculosis like nodules. Epidemiological data such as sex, breed and age of the affected cattle were recorded. These carcasses were examined visually for changes in colour, (pale yellow or gray) or morphology and then palpated before incision from the surrounding tissues. A total of One Thousand Nine Hundred and Twenty Three (1923) cattle, consisting Eight Hundred and
Thirty Six (836) males and One Thousand Eighty Seven (1087) females were Examined for gross TB lesions. The overall positives out of 1923 cattle examined were One Hundred and Sixty Seven (167) with a prevalence of (8.7%, 95%CI = 6.1-11.8). Based on sex 71(8.5%, 95%CI = 5.9-10.9) males were positives while 96(8.8%, 95%CI = 6.4-11.9) females were positives. The chi-squire (x2) test of significance based on sex shows the difference was not statistically significant at (P<0.05). This study found that breeds and age groups of cattle examined were statistically associated with prevalence of bovine tuberculosis lesions in slaughtered cattle (P<0.05). ut of the 2207 carcasses examined, 212 had tuberculosis-like nodules with a prevalence of 9.6% (95% CI = 6.7-13.8). Findings from this study further showed that 9.7% of the males examined had tuberculosis-like nodules, whereas 9.6% of the females examined had tuberculosis-like nodules. There was however no significant difference between the prevalence of tuberculosis-like nodules in males when compared with females (p>0.05). In terms of breed, tuberculosis-like nodules were observed in 8.7%, 10.7%, 10.5% and 8.9% in Bunaji, Rahaji, Wadara and Sokoto Gudali breeds of cattle, respectively. Tuberculosis-like nodules were detected in 4.4%, 7.8% and 12.9% of slaughtered cattle within the age groups of ≤4years, >4 to ≤6years, and >6years, respectively. There was a significant difference between the occurrence of tuberculosis-like nodules among the different age groups of cattle that were examined (P<0.05). The TB-like nodules where observed in the lung (141=66.5%), lymph node (50=23.6%), liver (11=5.2%), intestine (7=3.3%), and spleen (3=1.4%). This study highlights the possibility of bovine tuberculosis in slaughtered cattle, and the attendant public health implications of such findings in the study area. Measures for control were also suggested.
Keywords: Tuberculosis-like Nodules, Cattle, Meat Inspection, Yobe State, Nigeria.