Journal of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences
(ISSN: 2659 – 0743)
Volume 5, No. 2, 2023
Pages 8-16
DOI: 10.36108/jvbs/3202.50.0220
The Effects of Hyperglycaemia on the Chemotherapy of Diminazene aceturate in Trypanosoma brucei-infected Dogs
Akpa P. O.1, Ukwueze C. S.*2 & Eze I.3.
1DDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria Nsukka.
2 DDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike.
ABSTRACT
The effects of hyperglycaemia on the outcome of treatment with diminazene aceturate in dogs infected with Trypanosoma brucei was evaluated using the following parameters; parasitaemia, packed cell volume, red blood cell count, haemoglobin concentration, total white blood cell count and differential counts, survivability, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total protein, and cholesterol. A total of 12 Nigerian local dogs, of both sexes were used in this study. They were randomly, assigned into four groups of three dogs each. Group A was uninfected non hyperglycaemic non treated, group B infected non hyperglycaemic treated, group C infected hyperglycaemic non treated and group D infected hyperglycaemic treated. No
mortality was recorded in group A, while groups B, C and D survived 33%, 100% and 67% mortalities respectively. There was total clearance of the parasites in the treated groups (B and D) on days 18 and 20 post infection (PI) respectively (days 6 and 8 post treatment). However, there was a relapse of infection in group D on day 22 PI (day 11 PT) and no relapse occurred in group B. Infections caused a significant decrease (p<0.05) in all the red cell parameters (PCV, Hb concentrations and RBC counts) in group C, but no significant (P>0.05) decrease was observed in groups C and D. The mean AST and ALT of group D were significantly (P<0.05) higher than the other groups, while the mean ALP of groups A and D did not show any significant (P>0.05) difference, but were significantly (P<0.05) lower than groups C and B. The mean total protein of group A was significantly (P<0.05) higher than the infected groups, while the infected groups C, B and D did not show any significant (P>0.05) difference. It was concluded from the study that, hyperglycaemic resulted in diminished effectiveness of diminazene aceturate in Nigerian local breeds of dogs
Keywords: Hyperglycemia; Diaminazene aceturate; Chemotherapy, Trypanosoma brucei; Dogs.