Journal of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences
(ISSN: 2659 – 0743)
Volume 5, No. 2, 2023
Pages 28-38
DOI: 10.36108/jvbs/3202.50.0240
Occurrence and Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Escherichia coli in Poultry from Gusau metropolis, Nigeria
Yusuf Abubakar; Yusuf Yakubu; Bashiru Garba; Nafi’u Lawal; Usman Mannir Dahiru; Abdulrazak Lawal; Bulus Peter Gwimi and Mu’awiyyah Muhammad Mahuta
Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture Zuru, PMB 28 Zuru, Kebbi State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The increment in misuse of antimicrobial agents in the treatment of human and animal diseases has made bacterial organisms such as E. coli become resistant to many available antibiotics. This study investigates the presence of E. coli in chicken within the studied area. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the presence and antimicrobial resistance profile of E. coli in chicken within Gusau metropolis Zamfara state, Nigeria. A total of 289 cloacal swabs were collected from 40 broilers, 219 layers and 30 local chickens. Bacterial culture, phenotypic characterization, antibiotic susceptibility test were conducted. The overall prevalence of E. coli based on phenotypic identification was 22.1 % (64/289). The prevalence of E. coli based on the different chicken types was 20 % (8/40), 23.3 % (51/219) and 16.7 % (5/30) for broilers, layers and local chickens respectively. There was no statistically significant association between the isolate of E. coli and chicken type (p = 0.0987; df = 2). Antibiotic susceptibility test revealed 87.5% and 85.9 % resistance to Amoxicillin-clavulanate and Imipenem respectively, 76.6 % resistance to Cefuroxime, 60.9 % to Erythromycin, 51.6 % to Cefexime, 53.1% to Cefotaxime and 48.4 % Azithromycin. However, 31.3 % were resistant to Levofloxacin, 37.5 % to Ofloxacin, 42.2 % to Ceftriaxone, 45.3 % to Ciprofloxacin and 42.2 % to Gentamicin. In conclusion the study revealed the prevalence of E. coli in poultry from Gusau Metroplis to be 22.1 % (64/289) and antibiotic resistance awareness campaign is recommended to be employed by relevant agency.
Keywords: Antimicrobials, Chickens, E. coli, Gusau Nigeria..